esp-ota-firmware-template/README.md

This firmware is intended to run on a NodeMCU with a relatively recent version of Arduino and its according [ESP8266 core](https://github.com/esp8266/Arduino) with BearSSL support (introduced in 2.4.2).

It can be used against any server implementing the ESPhttpUpdate-"protocol" from the [Arduino ESP8266 project](https://arduino-esp8266.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ota_updates/readme.html#http-server). This template is developed against the [esp-ota-update-server](https://git.geekify.de/sqozz/esp-ota-update-server) written in python which sits behind an nginx webserver for encryption with TLS1.2.

It also uses [tzapu’s WiFiManager](https://github.com/tzapu/WiFiManager) to avoid exposing wifi access data in public hosted firmware binaries.

The CA certificate store needs to be fetched and generated at the inital setup. You can either use [ESP8266 cores script](https://github.com/esp8266/Arduino/blob/945535ae78cad0586e5539f01335ff6bd3e6695f/libraries/ESP8266WiFi/examples/BearSSL_CertStore/certs-from-mozilla.py) to fetch the whole mozilla database (not tested) or create your own store which only trusts certain CAs.
For my use, I rely on certificates issues by [https://letsencrypt.org](https://letsencrypt.org). To extract their CA you can use `openssl` against your domain which will host the firmware later on. I use `letsencrypt.org` here as example since it works too: 

```
openssl s_client -showcerts -servername letsencrypt.org -connect letsencrypt.org:443 </dev/null
```

Grab the according certificate and paste it into a text file. I used `le_x3_11_2018.pem`.

```
cat le_x3_11_2018.pem | openssl x509 -inform PEM -outform DER -out data/ca_le.der
ar q data/certs.ar data/ca_le.der
```

The firmware will check on bootup if at least one CA is uploaded and will report the ammount over serial.
The WiFiManger will only start up if a password for its configuration wlan is supplied - again, to avoid leakage over publicly hosted binaries, this password is stored out-of-band in the ESPs SPIFF flash storage and needs to be uploaded over USB once.

Make sure to not include extra trailing characters since the firmware reads this file byte by byte:

```
echo -n "ChangeMe!2§" | data/config_password.txt
```